![]() ![]() Additional genetic studies are looking for matches between different genetic variations and specific speech deficits. A large study following approximately 4,000 children is gathering data as the children grow to establish reliable signs and symptoms for specific speech disorders, which can then be used to develop accurate diagnostic tests. An ongoing area of study is the search for better ways to diagnose and differentiate among the various types of speech delay. The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) sponsors a broad range of research to better understand the development of speech and language disorders, improve diagnostic capabilities, and fine-tune more effective treatments. What research is being conducted on developmental speech and language problems? They might also recommend group or individual therapy or suggest further evaluation by an audiologist (a health care professional trained to identify and measure hearing loss), or a developmental psychologist (a health care professional with special expertise in the psychological development of infants and children). Depending on the result of the evaluation, the speech-language pathologist may suggest activities you can do at home to stimulate your child’s development. A hearing test is often included in the evaluation because a hearing problem can affect speech and language development. He or she will also use special spoken tests to evaluate your child. The speech-language pathologist will talk to you about your child’s communication and general development. Your doctor may refer you to a speech-language pathologist, who is a health professional trained to evaluate and treat people with speech or language disorders. Talk to your child’s doctor if you have any concerns. ![]() What should I do if my child’s speech or language appears to be delayed? Apraxia of speech is a speech disorder that makes it difficult to put sounds and syllables together in the correct order to form words. Some children with DLD may not begin to talk until their third or fourth year.Ĭhildren who have trouble producing speech sounds correctly or who hesitate or stutter when talking may have a speech disorder. Developmental language disorder (DLD) is a language disorder that delays the mastery of language skills. What is the difference between a speech disorder and a language disorder?Ĭhildren who have trouble understanding what others say (receptive language) or difficulty sharing their thoughts (expressive language) may have a language disorder. Sometimes a delay may be caused by hearing loss, while other times it may be due to a speech or language disorder. These milestones help doctors and other health professionals determine if a child is on track or if he or she may need extra help. A checklist of milestones for the normal development of speech and language skills in children from birth to 5 years of age is included below. However, they follow a natural progression or timetable for mastering the skills of language. By 6 months of age, most babies recognize the basic sounds of their native language.Ĭhildren vary in their development of speech and language skills. As they grow, babies begin to sort out the speech sounds that compose the words of their language. Newborns also begin to recognize important sounds in their environment, such as the voice of their mother or primary caretaker. The first signs of communication occur when an infant learns that a cry will bring food, comfort, and companionship. What are the milestones for speech and language development? If these critical periods are allowed to pass without exposure to language, it will be more difficult to learn. There appear to be critical periods for speech and language development in infants and young children when the brain is best able to absorb language. These skills develop best in a world that is rich with sounds, sights, and consistent exposure to the speech and language of others. The first 3 years of life, when the brain is developing and maturing, is the most intensive period for acquiring speech and language skills. Congressional Testimony and the NIDCD Budget.Research Training in NIDCD Laboratories (Intramural).Types of Research Training Funding Opportunities.About NIDCD's Research Training Program.Scientific Workshop and Meeting Reports.Building a Diverse Scientific Workforce. ![]()
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